Melasma is a kind of hyperpigmentation that can result in irrational skin-darkening spots as a result of excessive melanin release. One specific instance of hyperpigmentation is a condition that affects more than 5 million people worldwide. While melasma is a condition that causes black skin patches, it is mostly due to its genesis and not just because of an association that it is influenced by alterations in hormone levels in the body. It has similarities with other causes of hyperpigmentation as well. This is why melasma is often known as a "pregnancy shield," as it is significantly more common in pregnant women. Melasma is far more prevalent in women, whether or not they are pregnant, in part due to this hormonal change. Hormonal abnormalities are often the cause of this type of hyperpigmentation. Melasma, hormone replacement treatment, thyroid problems, and pregnancy-related hyperpigmentation are the typical causes of this.
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